Conventionally, lending is based on a specific numerical value of a currency, not the market rate of that value. For example, if $100 is borrowed, $100 is to be returned, despite any increase or decrease of the value of the dollar or any inflation. Therefore, any interest charge on a loan to cushion against inflation and loss of value is regarded as interest and the rulings pertaining to interest applies. It is not permissible to take interest from private Muslim banks. It is permissible from banks owned by the government, but one must not intend to have a contractual relationship, and when the interest money is received, one should receive it on behalf of the Marjia. It is also permissible to receive interest from non-Muslim banks.