His Eminence Al-Sayyid Al-Hakeem meets with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

His Eminence Al-Sayyid Al-Hakeem meets with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
2020/02/19

His Eminence Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammed Saeed Al-Hakeem, on 15 February 2020, received representative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN in Iraq, Dr. Salah Al-Haaj Hasan and his team.

Dr. Salah Al-Haaj Hasan presented a report on the projects undertaken by FAO, consisting of ways in which agriculture can be improved in rural and semi-urban areas in Iraq, in order to ensure food provision for Iraq and a decent life for farmers.

Day Questions

What is the ruling on one not being able to fast during Ramadan due to extremely long intensive working hours?

If work leads to fatigue that prevents the individual from fasting, one should not work temporarily, work at night or find similar ways that one can maintain the ability to fast. A believer is urged to look for such alternative ways. Almighty Allah said: “And whosoever keeps his duty to Allah, Allah will appoint a way out for him, And will provide for him from (a quarter) whence he hath no expectation”. (65:2-3). If one cannot obtain alternative ways, it is better to travel the Sharia-prescribed distance to be regarded as a traveler, so he can break his fast and make it up later when fasting is easier.

Do I have to follow one Marja in a particular issue, or can I follow more than one in an issue, choosing one of their verdicts?

If the verdicts of the Marjas are different in the same issue, one must follow the most knowledgeable. If his opinion is a compulsory precaution, one has a choice of following him by acting upon the precaution or referring to another Marja provided that the latter is more knowledge than the rest of the Marjas.

You said in one of your answers that for every mujtahid who fulfills the conditions of being a mujtahid, the Quran and the Sunnah play an important role in his ijtihad. And because of this his fatwas cannot be against the Quran and Sunnah. So according to this, can we follow a mujtahid who fulfills the conditions of being a mujtahid, but he is not considered the most learned?

If the duty-bound individual knows that there is a difference in the opinions of the mujtahids in the issues that he normally comes across in his life and needs to know their rulings – which is usually the case – then he should seek to follow the most knowledgeable amongst them and follow him.

Please could you explain why it has become widely circulated that the Shias pay the Khums, while the payment of Zakat is not common amongst them, although I know that they are both equally obligatory?

Zakat is among the obligations that have been emphasized by the Holy Quran and the traditions of the Prophet and the Ahlulbait (peace be upon them). Not paying it is considered among the major sins for which Allah has promised hellfire. The jurists have explained the conditions and rulings about Zakat in their books. Zakat is obligatory on the following three groups of properties: (1) Gold and silver minted coins. (2) The four crops: wheat, barley, raisins and dates. (3) The four livestock: camels, cows, goats and sheep. Gold and silver coins are not used as tender nowadays, so the Zakat on this group does not apply. The Zakat on the other items are not obligatory unless their quantity reaches a particular threshold, which most people do not possess nowadays. One can see that the application of obligatory Zakat is much less than Khums, which is obligatory on all net income, as Allah has said: “And know that whatever thing you gain, indeed a fifth thereof is for Allah, and for the Messenger and for the kinsman and orphans and the needy and the wayfarer” (8:41).The condition of the obligation of Khums, which is the existence of a net income, applies to almost everybody, however little it may be. On the other hand, Zakat is only applicable for those who own at least a particular amount of the mentioned crops and livestock.